English Explanatory Dictionary

-er

English dictionary entry

Meanings

suffix
  1. A person or thing that does an action indicated by the root verb; used to form an agent noun.
  2. A person or thing to which the root verb is done or can be done satisfactorily.
  3. A person whose occupation is the root noun; (more broadly, occasionally with adjectives) a person characterized by the root.
  4. A person or thing to which a certain number or measurement applies.
  5. Used to form nouns shorter than more formal synonyms.
  6. A person who is associated with, or supports a particular theory, doctrine, or political movement.
  7. A thing that is related in some way to the root, such as by location or purpose.
  8. Indicates a correspondence or coincidence between the action or condition indicated by the root and the noun being described.
  9. Suffix denoting a resident or inhabitant of (the place denoted by the proper noun); used to form a demonym.
  10. Suffix denoting residency in or around a place, district, area, or region.
suffix
  1. Suffix used to form the plural of a small number of English nouns.
suffix
  1. More; used to form the comparative.
suffix
  1. More; used to form the comparative.
suffix
  1. Frequently; used to form frequentative verbs.
suffix
  1. Instance of (the verbal action); used to form nouns from verbs.
suffix
  1. Used to form diminutives.
suffix
  1. Used to form slang or colloquial equivalents of words.
suffix
  1. A suffix creating adjectives from verbs, indicating aptitude, proneness, or tendency toward a specified action
suffix
  1. Junior, child, younger person. (Attached to a name, usually one syllable of the given name.)

Pronunciation

/ə/ ər /ɚ/ [ɹ̩] en-us--er.ogg

Word forms

-er -ers -'er

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āsjos Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er Inherited from Middle English -ere, -er, from Old English -ere, from Proto-West Germanic *-ārī, from Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz, usually thought to have been borrowed from Latin -ārius; see Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz for an alternate theory. Reinforced by Middle English -er, from Old French -ier, also from Latin -ārius; compare the synonymous but unrelated Old French -or, -eor (Anglo-Norman variant -our), from Latin -(ā)tor, from Proto-Indo-European *-tōr. The "inhabitant" sense is sometimes connected to Middle English -wær(r)e, -ware, from Old English -ware (suffix denoting residency), from Proto-West Germanic *-wari, from Proto-Germanic *warjaz (“inhabitant”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to protect”). Cognates Cognate with Saterland Frisian -er, West Frisian -er, Dutch -er, German Low German -er, German -er, Danish -er, Swedish -are and Icelandic -ari.

Synonyms

-le

Antonyms

-ee

Related words

-eer -ers -ed -ee -ess -ress -trix -est -ing more -or

Derived words

-ren -zza

Translations

Afrikaans: -er Albanian: -es Albanian: -ese Albanian: -ës Albanian: -ëse Albanian: -tar Albanian: -tare Arabic: مُـ Arabic: مِـ Armenian: -իչ Azerbaijani: -çı Azerbaijani: -çi Azerbaijani: -çu Azerbaijani: -çü Azerbaijani: -an Azerbaijani: -yan Azerbaijani: -ən Azerbaijani: -yən Azerbaijani: -ıcı Azerbaijani: -ici Azerbaijani: -ucu Azerbaijani: -ücü Bashkir: -сы Bashkir: -се Bashkir: -со Bashkir: -сө Catalan: -dor Catalan: -dora Catalan: -triu Catalan: -er Catalan: -era Chinese Mandarin: ...者 Chinese Mandarin: ...家 Czech: -ič Czech: -ač Czech: -itel Czech: -átor Czech: -ec Czech: -ák Danish: -er Dutch: -er Egyptian: -y Faroese: -ari Finnish: -ja Finnish: -ri Finnish: -in Finnish: -uri Finnish: -ari Finnish: -inen Finnish: -nen French: -eur French: -euse Galician: -eiro Galician: -eira German: -er Greek: -άς Greek: -ού Hebrew: participle Hungarian: -ó Hungarian: -ő Hungarian: -s Hungarian: -os Hungarian: -as Hungarian: -es Hungarian: -ös Hungarian: -ú Hungarian: -ű Hungarian: -jú Hungarian: -jű Icelandic: -ari Ido: -er Igbo: onye- Indonesian: peng- Indonesian: pem- Indonesian: pe Interlingua: -ero Interlingua: -era Interlingua: -ario Interlingua: -aria Interlingua: -ista Irish: -éir Italian: -ore Italian: -tore Japanese: ...者 Japanese: ...家 Japanese: ...手 Kongo: mu- Northern Kurdish: -van Northern Kurdish: -er Kyrgyz: -чы Kyrgyz: -чи Kyrgyz: -чу Kyrgyz: -чү Latin: -tor Latvian: -ājs Latvian: -āja Latvian: -ējs Latvian: -ēja Latvian: -ents Latvian: -ente Latvian: -ists Latvian: -iste Latvian: -ors Latvian: -ore Latvian: -ers Latvian: -eris Malay: peng- Malay: pem- Māori: kai- Mongolian: -гч Classical Nahuatl: -qui Navajo: -é Nupe: -ci Old English: -ere Old English: -a
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