homolog

Meanings

1. Something homologous; a homologous organ or part, chemical compound, chromosome, gene, or cultural element.
2. A phoneme, morpheme, or word shared by two languages or dialects, via cognation or naturalization.
3. One of a group of similar DNA sequences that share a common ancestry, or the peptides or proteins that they encode; the counterpart gene or protein in another taxon evolved from a common ancestor (molecularly it may be either identical or similar).
4. A member of a homologous series.
5. A belief, practice, concept, or artifact that has a counterpart in another culture.

Etymology

Borrowed from French homologue, From Ancient Greek ὁμόλογος (homólogos, “agreeing, of one mind”), equivalent to homo- + -log.