contraction

English dictionary entry

Meanings

noun
  1. Senses relating to becoming involved with or entering into, especially entering into a contract.
  2. An act of incurring debt; also (generally), an act of acquiring something (generally negative).
  3. An act of entering into a contract or agreement; specifically, a contract of marriage; a contracting; also (obsolete), a betrothal.
  4. The process of contracting or becoming infected with a disease.
  5. Senses relating to pulling together or shortening.
  6. A (sometimes reversible) contracting or reduction in length, scope, size, or volume; a narrowing, a shortening, a shrinking.
  7. An abridgement or shortening of writing, etc.; an abstract, a summary; also (uncountable), brevity, conciseness.
  8. A stage of wound healing during which the wound edges are gradually pulled together.
  9. A shortening of a muscle during its use; specifically, a strong and often painful shortening of the uterine muscles prior to or during childbirth.
  10. A period of economic decline or negative growth.
  11. A process whereby one or more sounds of a free morpheme (a word) are reduced or lost, such that it becomes a bound morpheme (a clitic) that attaches phonologically to an adjacent word.
  12. In the English language: a shortened form of a word, often with omitted letters replaced by an apostrophe or a diacritical mark.

Pronunciation

/kənˈtɹækʃn̩/ /kɒn-/ LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-contraction.wav /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/ /kəɳˈʈrakʃən/ /ˈkɔɳʈrakʃən/

Word forms

contraction contractions

Etymology

PIE word *ḱóm From Late Middle English contraccioun, contraxion (“spasm, contraction; constriction, shrinking; act of pressing together”), from Old French contraction (modern French contraction), from Latin contractiō(n) (“a drawing together, contraction; abridgement, shortening; dejection, despondency”), from contrahō (“to draw things together, assemble, collect, gather; to enter into a contract”) + -tiō(n) (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or their results). Contrahō is derived from con- (prefix denoting a bringing together of objects) + trahō (“to drag, pull”) (probably from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to drag, pull; to run”)). By surface analysis, contract + -ion (suffix denoting actions or processes, or their results).

Translations

Afrikaans: verkleining Bulgarian: скъсяване Bulgarian: свиване Burmese: ချုံ့ခြင်း Burmese: ကျုံ့ခြင်း Catalan: contracció Chinese Mandarin: 收縮 /收缩 Finnish: supistuminen French: contraction German: Kontraktion German: Abnahme German: Abnehmen German: Minderung German: Schrumpfen German: Schrumpfung German: Schwinden German: Schwindung German: Verengung German: Verkleinerung German: Verkürzung German: Zusammenziehung Hebrew: התכווצות Hungarian: összehúzás Hungarian: összehúzódás Indonesian: kontraksi Italian: contrazione Japanese: 収縮 Korean: 단축 Kyrgyz: кыскаруу Latin: contractiō Macedonian: скрату́вање Norwegian: kontraksjon Norwegian: forminskning Occitan: contraccion Portuguese: contração Romanian: contracție Russian: сокраще́ние Russian: сжа́тие Spanish: contracción Swedish: kontraktion Swedish: minskning Tagalog: daginsin Tajik: дардгирӣ Thai: การหดตัว Uzbek: qisqarish
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