bicameralism

Meanings

1. The practice of dividing legislative bodies into two chambers with complementary powers and limitations designed to provide checks and balances against one another.
2. Ambiguous misnomer for Julian Jaynes's theory of bicamerality, probably never used by Jaynes, rarely used in academic literature based on his work, but often found informally (compare bicameral mind and bicameral mentality)

Etymology

From bicameral + -ism.